Physical and physiological soybean seed qualities stored under different environmental conditions and storage bag depths.

The Brazilian Midwest is responsible for 54.3% of the country's soybean production. Adequate storage technologies are essential to maintain physical, physiological, and sanitary seed qualities while also minimizing deterioration processes and consequent germination and vigor declines. In this context, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the physiological potential and physical qualities of soybean seeds stored under different environmental conditions and storage bag depths. Assays were carried out in September 2021 employing Foco 74i77 RSF IPRO cultivar seeds stored from April to August 2021 under three conditions, as follows: chilled at an average temperature of ≤20 °C, at an average temperature of ≤25 °C using a with blanket, and in without blanket warehouse structure at an average temperature of ≥25 °C with no with blanket. A completely randomized 3x3 factorial experimental design was applied, comprising three storage environments and three bag positions (top, middle, and bottom), with three replication each. Physical, physiological, and biochemical tests were performed on the stored seeds. The findings indicate better seed preservation in the chilled environment or when using a with blanket, with significant differences noted for seeds stored the middle of the storage bag. Therefore, soybean seed storage in a chilled environment or using a with blanket aids in slowing down the seed deterioration processes, preserving physiological quality and vigor compared to a conventional storage environment. Additionally, the quality of soybean seeds stored under these conditions in the middle of storage bags is maintained.

1,2,3, MHC: a review of mass-spectrometry-based immunopeptidomics methods for relative and absolute quantification of pMHCs.

Quantitative mass-spectrometry-based methods to perform relative and absolute quantification of peptides in the immunopeptidome are growing in popularity as researchers aim to measure the dynamic nature of the peptide major histocompatibility complex repertoire and make copies-per-cell estimations of target antigens of interest. Multiple methods to carry out these experiments have been reported, each with unique advantages and limitations. This article describes existing methods and recent applications, offering guidance for improving quantitative accuracy and selecting an appropriate experimental set-up to maximize data quality and quantity.

Morphology and innervation of brachioradialis and flexor carpi radialis and their utility in tendon transfer surgeries: A Cadaveric Study.

INTRODUCTION: The Brachioradialis (BR) muscle flap is easy to harvest, provides a stable coverage to the cubital fossa as it is well vascularized. The BR andflexor carpi radialis (FCR) tendons are utilized in tendon transfer to restore the normal hand function. Therefore, the present study describes the morphology of the muscle bellies and the tendons of BR and FCR along with their pattern of innervation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was carried out on 27 upper limbs of formalin-fixed, adult human cadavers. Length and width of the bellies of BR and FCR were measured. The number of motor branches and their distances from the bi-epicondylar line was measured. RESULTS: The mean lengths of BR and FCR bellies were 21.22±2.18cm and 16.15±2.39cm, and the lengths of their tendons were, 12.67±1.13cm and 12.48±1.72cm respectively. BR received a single motor branch in 19 upper limbs. However, FCR received single motor branch in 25 limbs as a common trunk. One upper limb received three motor branches to BR, and two upper limbs received two motor branches to FCR. The most proximal and distal branches to the BR were ranged between 6.3-2.2cm proximal to the bi-epicondylar line. Those to the FCR were ranged between 3.5-6.9cm distal to the bi-epicondylar line. CONCLUSION: The motor branches to the BR and FCR are variable in their origin, and the knowledge of such variations is essential for identifying them while performing selective neurotomy surgeries.

O Processo de trabalho dos enfermeiros da atenção primária e a Política Nacional de Plantas Medicinais/Fitoterápicos / The nurses’ work process of Primary Health Care and the National Politics of MedicinalPlants/Phytoterapies

RESUMO O estudo objetivou conhecer o processo de trabalho dos enfermeiros da atenção primária em relação à Política Nacional de Plantas Medicinais e Fitoterápicos. O referencial foi baseado em Guareschi e Kleinman. A abordagem foi qualitativa, descritiva. Fizeram parte dos estudos enfermeiros de 21 municípios da região Sul do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Os dados foram coletados por questionário autoadministrado, no período de junho a agosto de 2013. A análise seguiu a proposta operativa de Minayo, emergindo dois temas: processo de trabalho dos enfermeiros e a Política Nacional de Plantas Medicinais e Fitoterápicos; viabilização desta na atenção primária. Observou-se o desconhecimento da política, apesar de ter sido constatado a indicação de plantas medicinais no processo de trabalho. A política é viável quando o enfermeiro organiza grupos, coloca em prática o diálogo interdisciplinar, e contempla a questão dos aspectos culturais do usuário.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to understand nurses’ work processes in primary health care in relation to the National Politics of Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapies. The referential was based on Guareschi and Kleinman. The approach was qualitative and descriptive. Nurses from 21 towns of Southern Rio Grande do Sul participated. Data collection was a self-administrated questionnaire, in the period of June to August of 2013. The analysis followed Minayo’s operative proposal, two themes emerged: nurses’ work processes and the National Politics of Medicinal Plants and Phytotherapies and the viability of this in primary health care. The ignorance of the policy, but they indicate medicinal plants in the work process. The policy is practicable, when the nurses make groups, put the interdisciplinary dialogue in practice and contemplate the users’ cultural aspects.

Femoral Neck Anteversion and Neck Shaft Angles: Determination and their Clinical Implications in Fetuses of Different Gestational Ages.

Precise anatomical assessment of femoral neck anteversion (FNA) and the neck shaft angles (NSA) would be essential in diagnosing the pathological conditions involving hip joint and its ligaments. The present study was undertaken on 48 fetal femurs to calculate the NSA and FNA in fetuses digitally. End on images of upper end of the femurs were taken for the estimation of FNA and a photograph in a perpendicular plane was taken to calculate the NSA. Microsoft Paint software was used to mark the points and Image J software was used to calculate the angles digitally. The FNA ranged from 17.08º to 33.97 º on right and 17.32 º to 45.08 º on left. The NSA ranged from 139.33 º to 124.91 º on right and 143.98 º to 123.8 º on left. Unpaired t test showed the FNA and NSA of femur did not vary significantly during the third trimester.

Óleo de melaleuca (Melaleuca alternifolia Maiden & Betche, Cheel) no controle de cercosporiose em beterraba / Tea tree oil (Melaleuca alternifolia Maiden& Betche, Cheel) in control of Cercospora beticola Sacc. on Beet

RESUMO O óleo volátil da melaleuca (Melaleuca alternifolia Maiden & Betche, Cheel) possui atividade antimicrobiana podendo causar efeitos sobre as plantas. Avaliou-se a inibição do óleo em Cercospora beticolaSacc., e seu efeito no aumento da produção e qualidade de raízes de beterraba. As doses foram de 0,13; 0,67; 0,80 e 1,00% do óleo, além das testemunhas composta pelo meio de cultura Batata Dextrose Ágar (BDA) no experimento in vitro, e água no experimento in vivo. As plantas foram pulverizadas duas vezes por semana. O delineamento foi inteiramente casualizado, com 4 repetições, e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. O índice de infecção das folhas foi determinado por escala diagramática além do peso e diâmetro das raízes. Os resultados de inibição do crescimento micelial para as doses do óleo foram 0; 56; 87; 83 e 99%, e os índices de infecção: 77,08; 35,62; 21,04; 19,37 e 20,00%, respectivamente, para a testemunha e as doses 0,13; 0,67; 0,80 e 1,00% do óleo. Somente na concentração de 0,80% o óleo proporcionou relação positiva entre o ganho de peso e o diâmetro das raízes. O óleo de Melaleuca foi eficaz no controle de C. beticola e, como consequência, houve produção de raízes de beterraba com melhor desenvolvimento.

ABSTRACT The volatile oil from Melaleuca (Melaleuca alternifolia Maiden & Betche Cheel.) has antimicrobial properties and can promote several effects on plant cultivation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibition of the oil in Cercospora beticola Sacc. and if it favors the growth and development of beet root. The doses were 0.13, 0.67, 0.8 and 1% of oil, besides the control PDA (potato-dextrose-agar) in vitro (laboratory condition) and with water as treatment control in vivo (field conditions). The plants were sprayed twice a week. The treatments were completely randomized and the averages were compared using the Tukey test at 5%. The infection rate of leaves was measured by diagrammatic scale besides the weight and diameter of tubers. The inhibition results of the radial growth by oil treatments were 0; 56, 87, 83 and 99%, while the infection rate showed: 77.08, 35.62, 21.04, 19.37 and 20% respectively to the control and to the oil concentration of 0,13; 0,67; 0,80 e 1,00%. Only at concentration of 0.8% the tea tree oil showed a positive relationship between tuber´s weight and tuber´s diameter gains. It can be concluded that tea tree oil is effective to controlling C. beticola, and also promotes an increase on development in beet tubers.

Plantas medicinais no processo de cicatrização de feridas: uma revisão de literatura / Medicinal plants in the wound healing process: a literature review

Uma busca foi realizada na literatura, visando sumarizar as pesquisas realizadas e obter informações acerca da utilização de plantas medicinais no processo de cicatrização de feridas. Utilizaram-se os descritores: Plantas Medicinais e Cicatrização de Feridas e seus equivalentes em inglês e espanhol, com o operador booleano "AND" em três bases eletrônicas de dados (PubMed, LILACS e COCHRANE). Foram selecionados 57 artigos para compor a revisão. Os resultados apontam que um total de 52 plantas medicinais e um composto de ervas foram estudados experimentalmente ou clinicamente, quanto aos seus efeitos no auxílio do processo de cicatrização, sendo que a maioria (88,5%) apresentou eficácia. Com isso, verifica-se que a utilização de plantas medicinais trata de importante alternativa no tratamento de feridas, que começa a fazer parte da atenção à saúde brasileira, o que sugere novos estudos de comprovação clínica, custos, e benefícios e a constante atualização acerca das publicações realizadas.

It was done a literature search aiming to sumarize earlier conducted researches and in order to obtain information on the use of medicinal plants in wound healing process. The descriptors used were as follows: Medicinal Plants and Wound Healing and their equivalents in English and Spanish with the Boolean operator "AND" in three electronic databases (PubMed, LILACS and COCHRANE). Fifty seven articles were chosen to compose the review. The findings from a total of fifty two medicinal plants and one herbal compound that were experimentally or clinically studied in respect to their effects in wound healing process indicate that the majority of them (eighty eight point five per cent) showed efficacy. Thus, it can be seen that the use of medicinal plants is an important alternative in wounds treatment that becomes part of Brazilian health care, suggesting further studies of clinical evidence, costs and benefits and constantly updating on produced publications.

Epstein-Barr virus DNA associated with gastric adenocarcinoma and adjacent non-cancerous mucosa in patients from Manaus, Brazil.

Gastric cancer is one of most frequent causes of death in Brazil. The city of Manaus has one of the highest incidences of this disease in Brazil. The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous herpesvirus that is classified as a group 1 carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. We obtained biopsies from 6 control subjects and 10 patients with gastric carcinomas living in Manaus. In the patients, the samples were taken from tumors and from adjacent non-cancerous mucosa. These samples were screened for EBV DNA by PCR to amplify the 288-bp fragments from the Bam M region. The EBV DNA was detected in 8 of the 10 tumor cases and in none of the 6 control subjects. In the positively identified samples, EBV DNA was detected in five corresponding resection margins. Previous research indicated only a weak association between EBV and gastric cancer. We suggest that EBV should be considered as a risk factor for gastric adenocarcinomas in Manaus.

In situ atomic force microscopy tip-induced deformations and Raman spectroscopy characterization of single-wall carbon nanotubes.

In this work, an atomic force microscope (AFM) is combined with a confocal Raman spectroscopy setup to follow in situ the evolution of the G-band feature of isolated single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) under transverse deformation. The SWNTs are pressed by a gold AFM tip against the substrate where they are sitting. From eight deformed SWNTs, five exhibit an overall decrease in the Raman signal intensity, while three exhibit vibrational changes related to the circumferential symmetry breaking. Our results reveal chirality dependent effects, which are averaged out in SWNT bundle measurements, including a previously elusive mode symmetry breaking that is here explored using molecular dynamics calculations.

Cianuro y monóxido de carbono en la intoxicación por humo de incendio. Réplica / Cyanide and carbon monoxide in intoxication by smoke in a fire. Reply

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Long-term monitoring and proposed diffuse pollution control of a tropical reservoir.

This paper presents the results of 30 years of water quality monitoring in a tropical water supply reservoir (Vargem das Flores, Brazil). This water body is subjected to eutrophication problems caused by point sources (discharge of untreated sewage) and diffuse pollution (agricultural use in the drainage basin). Emphasis is given here on the estimation of nutrient loads and on the study of the N/P ratio in the water body. In spite of the prevalence of high N/P values, there is a clear trend in the dominance of cyanobacteria in the phytoplankton, which contradicts results from research in temperate aquatic environments. Some restoration measures for Vargem das Flores Reservoir are currently being implemented: construction of wastewater treatment plants, control of recreational activities, erosion control by hydroseeding and use of natural wetlands. Finally some management strategies in order to prevent algae input in the water abstraction system are discussed. Examples of these techniques are the installation of plastic barriers and the construction of an air curtain device.

[Teenage knowledge about sex]. / Information des jeunes en matière de sexualité.

The aim of this study was to investigate the quality and sources of teenagers' information about sex. Between October 26th and December 16th 1997, 277 pupils from lower and upper schools agreed to participate in this study. Two hundred and seventy (97.5%) of the pupils in this population declared that they had received information about sex. This information was provided principally by the media, followed by friends, boyfriends and girlfriends, the school and their parents. The information received concerned sexually transmitted diseases (STDs and AIDS), the consequences of sexual relationships, sexual hygiene and the signs of puberty. We found that 95.5% of the pupils knew about AIDS and gonorrhea and that 91.7% knew how to protect themselves against AIDS and STDs. Thus, most pupils had received information, from various sources, on sexuality. Parents played little role in the sexual education of their children, and the State was involved in various ways.

Digital image processing measurement of the upper eyelid contour in Graves disease and congenital blepharoptosis.

OBJECTIVE: This study used image processing techniques to quantify the upper eyelid contour of patients with Graves upper eyelid retraction and congenital blepharoptosis. DESIGN: The study design was a cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 29 patients with Graves disease, 22 patients with congenital blepharoptosis, and 50 patients with no history of eye disease participated. INTERVENTION: The images of the palpebral fissure of all participants were transferred to a personal computer and processed with NIH Image 1.55 software. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The following parameters were analyzed: the curvature of the upper eyelid contour, the position of the contour peak relative to the midline, and the ratio between the temporal and nasal upper quadrant areas of the palpebral fissure. RESULTS: All upper eyelid contours could be fitted with second-degree polynomial functions. The mean temporal/nasal area ratio was 1.33 mm in patients with Graves disease, 0.92 mm in patients with blepharoptosis, and 1.04 mm in control subjects. The peak of the upper eyelid contour was found to be lateral to the midline in control subjects (1.05 mm) and in patients with Graves disease (2.09 mm). In patients with blepharoptosis, the peak was 0.69 mm medial to the midline. Overall, the distance between the midpupil and the upper eyelid margin was correlated with several factors: the degree of curvature, the position of the peak of the eyelid contour, and the temporal/nasal area ratio. CONCLUSIONS: In Graves eyelid retraction, the curvature of the upper eyelid is enhanced, the peak of the contour is displaced laterally, and the temporal upper quadrant area is increased. Conversely, in congenital blepharoptosis, the eyelid is almost flat, the peak of the contour is displaced medially, and the upper quadrant area is diminished. The lateral segment of the upper eyelid is more involved than the nasal segment in both Graves upper eyelid retraction and congenital blepharoptosis.